The General Issues Of Prescribing Medication Essay

The purpose of medicine is as contested of a notion as the term patient. While there are certain ends in which it is clear that medicine seeks to achieve, controversy often arises over how medicine chooses to achieve these certain goals. One such controversy is the treatment of patient-symptoms, more specifically, the role of medication in treating patients. The purpose of this essay is not to discuss the general issues of prescribing medication. Rather, the purpose is to question whether it is ethical for clinicians to prescribe placebos in clinical practice. Through defining placebo and placebo effect and presenting a case where a placebo is prescribed, I argue that in limited cases it is ethical for clinicians to prescribe a placebo for a patient. Derived from Latin, the term placebo translates into â€Å"I shall please, future indicative of placere to please† (etymonline.com). Dating back to early 13th Century, the term first appeared in the opening antiphon of Psalms cx iv.9. However, its appearance in medical literature did not occur until 1785 (etymonline.com). Furthermore, it was not until the 1940s, â€Å"with the adoption of [the] double-blind† study that placebos were employed in clinical research (Brody, 1982, 112). In clinical research, placebos are used as an inactive therapy to aid in evaluating whether an experimental drug is effective. In clinical practice, placebos are used as a medical treatment. Now, controversy over placebo-prescribing often stems from theShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Independent And Non Medical Prescribing1224 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of Independent and Non-Medical Prescribing: Prescribing is defined and the process involving information gathering, clinical decision making, communication and evaluation which then results in the initiation, continuation or cessation of medication/s. Independent prescribing means that the prescriber takes responsibility for the clinical assessment, diagnosis and management of patients. This included prescribing medications where necessary. Independent prescribers include doctors, dentistsRead MoreProfessional Issues : Registered Nurses Prescribing Medications942 Words   |  4 Pages Professional Issue: Registered Nurses Prescribing Medications Esther Amanfi Laurentian University Descriptive Prà ©cis The Premier of Ontario Kathleen Wynne announced in a press conference that she would expand the registered nurse (RN) scope of practice in Ontario to include prescribing medication and the nurse practitioner scope of practice to include ordering CT scans and X-Rays (Campbell, 2014) (Appendix A). She explained that expanding this scope of practice would enable health professionalsRead MorePrescription Opioid Misuse : A Significant Public Health Issue1339 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant public health issue in the United States. Since the late 1990s, nationwide sales of prescription opioids have risen 4-fold, and with this, the rate of admissions for substance use treatment and the rate of death from opioid overdose have grown proportionately.1 A number of policy approaches and initiatives have been developed in an attempt to stem the tide of this epidemic. These include implementing physician training programs about the appropriate prescribing of opioid therapy, developingRead MoreHealth Care System Should Be Legal1332 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The movement to allow registered nurses (RNs) to prescribe some medications has gained attention in the media recently. This involves administering or dispensing drugs to treat certain diseases, symptoms, and conditions. We believe that Ontario’s health care system should be changed to allow nurses to prescribe a limited list of medications, and this document is intended to help the general public to understand important points about this debate. There are several excellent reasons toRead MoreUse And Overuse Of Antibiotics1537 Words   |  7 Pagesas: upper and lower respiratory tract infections. They are often called the â€Å"life savers† of medications, amongst individuals of today’s society. Antibiotics (penicillin) were first discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929, but it was in the beginning of the 1940’s that the true potential was recognized. Being that our society feel that antibiotics are the â€Å"go to† medication for every illness, th e medication has become overused and abused by medical professionals in healthcare facilities, as well asRead MoreExploring The Psychosocial Aspects Behind The Emotions That Reflect How Well Patients Adhere1556 Words   |  7 Pagessummarising the findings. In addition, the paper is written in reflection to a patient referred to as Mr X and will be correlated in the discussion. Types of non-adherence The types of non-adherence can be categorised into many groups however in general there are three types, each with overlap. Primary non-adherence is the first one and involves a health care provider issuing instructions or a prescription and the patient not fulfilling this, also known as nonfulfilment. (1) The second category isRead MoreMy Policy Change Will Be The Florida State Board Of Nursing1544 Words   |  7 Pagesadditionally supports efforts to protect the rights, jobs, wages, pensions, health care coverage, and other benefits of our state-employed health care nurses. Today I will be discussing about my policy brief and providing an in-depth analysis on the issue and how the Florida state board of nursing will contribute to the cause. (Cheryl, 2012). The problem that was presented in my health-care policy was pertaining to oxycodone and its decrease mortality rate due to Florida’s drug monitoring program.Read MoreEuthanasia And Assisted Suicide Should Be Legal1611 Words   |  7 Pagesself-administration of lethal medications, expressly prescribed by a physician for that purpose. The Act requires the Oregon Public Health Division to collect information about the patients and physicians who participate in the Act and publish an annual statistical report. These data are important to parties on both sides of the issue. The Death with Dignity Act allows terminally-ill Oregonians to end their lives through the voluntary self-administration of lethal medications, expressly prescribed byRead MoreAssisted Suicide And Euthanasia Suicide1578 Words   |  7 Pageshandle these challenging issues. One of these difficult issues is assisted suicide. Physician assisted suicide (PAS) has been an important ethical concern in medicine in r ecent years. It is important to understand the various forms of assisted suicide, the legality of assisted suicide as well as the implications it may have for patient as well as healthcare professionals alike. When considering assisted suicide there are several different definitions that may fall into this general term. Often times â€Å"assistedRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Depression769 Words   |  4 Pageschildren have high levels of anxiety. Cause of the spike is credited to the decrease in doctors prescribing medication. There are many reasons why doctors have chosen not to prescribe some forms of medication. One major reason is because of the side effects that come along with antidepressants. Effects such as insomnia, worrying more, dizziness, aggression, and suicidal thoughts. Now the nature of any medication is that it may have side effects. In some young adults antidepressants often increase anxiety

Rhetorical Speech Essay - 901 Words

Education is an important factor when one wants to be successful in his or her academic career. Children are especially responsible for their academic success. President Obama states in his speech to America’s school children that each individual student has to take charge of their own education. The effectiveness of President Obama’s speech has a powerful impact on school age children because he wants students everywhere in America and around the world to do their best President Obama uses the rhetorical appeals of logos and pathos to imply the claim, â€Å"You don’t know what you can†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"But whatever you resolve to do, I want you to commit to it. I want you to really work at it.† No matter how difficult things may get, you still have to work hard to get past those things. This succeeds at pathos because children go through hardships everyday but still continue on with their lives. â€Å"And even when you’re struggling even when you’re discouraged, and you feel like other people have given up on you, don’t ever give up on yourself.† Students still need to progress with their lives and not give too much of their time or attention to negative thoughts and feedback they may get from other people. This succeeds at pathos because there are some children who deal with hardships and are examples of people who keep pursuing their academic dreams. â€Å"The story of America isnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t about people who quit when things got tough. It’s about people who kept going, who tried harder†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The citizens of America have to develop strong attributes when things may not go as planned. This succeeds at pathos because the remarkable people and historical figures have also failed but succeeded in the long haul. Mistakes will be a thing of the past and all that matters is the present time and future. â€Å"Commit to doing your best because your country needs you, and you shouldn’t let yourself down.† This particular claim can apply to many people. Historical figures of America are anShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis of Obama Speech Essay2690 Words   |  11 PagesLiteratures and Foreign Languages Let Us Learn and Resource Together 23 November 2008 Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"A More Perfect Union† Speech The speech titled â€Å"A More Perfect Union† was delivered by Senator Barack Obama on March 18, 2008 near the historical site of the signing of the U.S. Constitution in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The speech responds to the video clip of Barack Obama’s pastor, Reverend Jeremiah Wright, making racially charged comments against America and Israel. The punditsRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of Speech a Speech by George W. Bush Essay1136 Words   |  5 Pages In this paper I am going to discuss the rhetorical appeals, as well as the argumentative structure, audience and purpose set forth by George W. Bush in his September 27 speech in Flagstaff, Arizona. More specifically I will refer to the rhetorical appeals of ethos, pathos and logos, and explain how they are used to gain the support and attention of the audience and further the further the purpose of the speech. As I explain these appeals I will also give an insight into the argumentativeRead MoreEssay on Rhetorical Analysis on Roosevelts Speech About Pearl Harbor994 Words   |  4 Pagesword in this memorable speech tugged on the emotions of the American people. His emotional and passionate appeal about his duty as President and former commander and chief showed while delivering this speech. In this rhetorical essay I will evaluate his effectiveness in persuading his argument as to why we should declare war on the Japanese Empire. President Roosevelt’s persuasion in hi s speech succeeds because the context, the different ways it is organized, and the rhetorical appeals it contains. Read MoreRhetorical Analysis Essay: Jfk Inaugural Speech1070 Words   |  5 PagesDean Howard ENG105 Rhetorical Analysis John Fitzgerald Kennedy, arguably one of our greater presidents in our nation’s history, was assassinated on a Friday in the early stages of winter in 1963; however, he had accomplished much more than a man with lesser courage could have in his services to our country. One of President Kennedy’s most memorable actions while in office, actually took place very early on in his presidency; his Inaugural Speech in January of 1961. When attempting toRead More Rhetorical Analysis of JFKs Inauguration Speech Essay927 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy delivered one of the most important American speeches after being sworn in as president on January 20, 1961. His inauguration speech was so influential that it seized the nation’s attention, and quotes from it are still clearly remembered by people today. It is considered one of the best speeches ever written and ever delivered. It presents a strong appeal to pathos, ethos, and logos and accomplishes what any speaker strives for – it speaks straight to the heart of the audienceRead MoreJfk Inaugural Speech Rhetorical Analysis Essay729 Words   |  3 PagesJohn F. Kennedy’s inaugural speech is certainly one to remember. It’s memorable not for its length, but for the effective content that it beholds. He entices readers by the use of strong rhetoric techniques. His inaugural analyzes style of writing, such as diction, tropes, schemes, and syntax, and applies the concept of it effectively throughout the speech. 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By using chiasmus, anaphoras, and metaphorsRead MorePresident Obama’s Inaugural Speech: Rhetorical Analysis Essay890 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Obama’s Inaugural Speech: Rhetorical Analysis Barrack Obama’s inauguration speech successfully accomplished his goal by using rhetoric to ensure our nation that we will be under safe hands. The speech is similar from ideas obtained from the founding documents and Martin Luther King’s speech to establish ‘our’ goal to get together and take some action on the problems our country is now facing. As President Barrack Obama starts his speech, he keeps himself from using ‘me’, ‘myself’, andRead MoreEssay about Rhetorical Analysis of Antony’s Funeral Speech981 Words   |  4 Pagesuse of questions and interjections to keep audience engaged, a variety of rhetorical devices devices that dignify Caesar and himself, and an effective use of all three modes of persuasion, Antony is able to convert the audience to his cause while destroying the conspirators’ credibility. 　　While Mark Antony’s speech is a eulogy Caesar’s funeral, it gradually develops the energetic tone of an epideictic (praise-and-blame speech), which points to an ulterior motive. He draws in his audience with a solemnRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of Ellen DeGeneress Commencement Speech Essay1144 Words   |  5 Pages Ellen’s Commencement Speech Rhetorical Analysis Graduation caps fly into the air, cheers erupt, and diplomas are received. This is a typical graduation day. Not only did these ceremonial events take place for Tulane Universitys class of 2009, but Ellen DeGeneres was there to congratulate them as well! This class was dubbed the Katrina Class for being survivors of the devastating Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Katrina was named one of the deadliest Hurricanes, causing more than 1,836

Impact of M-Commerce in Job Market Free Essays

The advent of wireless and mobile technology has created both new opportunities and new challenges for the business community. In its present state, M-Commerce can be viewed as an extension of conventional, Internet-based E-Commerce, which adds a different mode of network and accommodates different end users’ characteristics. However, if the predictions stating that mobile and wireless computing will dominate the Internet industry in the future materialize, the E-Commerce and M-Commerce could become a singular blended entity. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of M-Commerce in Job Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now M-Commerce, as defined by Muller and Veerse, stands for conducting commercial transactions via a â€Å"mobile† telecommunications network using a communication, information, and payment (CIP) device such as a mobile phone or a palmtop unit. In a broader sense, M-Commerce can simply be defined as exchanging products, ideas and services between mobile users and providers. This paper will also give an overview of the characteristics of M-Commerce. We discuss the basic characteristics of M-Commerce that have the potential to influence the basic marketing orientation of both sellers and buyers, and, above all, alter the general dynamics of the market. There are many definitions of m-commerce with differing emphases. Keen and Mackintosh define m-commerce as the extension of electronic commerce from wired to wireless computers and telecommunications, and from fixed locations to anytime, anywhere, and anyone. when something is mobile it means that its primary usage environment is a mobile one. On the other hand, mobility in itself and mobile technology is not necessarily a value; the freedom created and supported with the technology is the key issue. Durlacher define m-commerce as â€Å"any transaction with a monetary value that is conducted via a mobile telecommunication network†. The focus in this definition lies on the exchange of products and services that is associated with a monetary value. They specifically list any kind of service that can be provided by the mobile device, thus expanding the mere commercial character through communicative and informative services. A mobile device is a small smart device. It can be a mobile phone, a communicator or a PDA. It communicates and transfers data (convenience). It is used only by its owner (personalization). It can provide information anytime, anywhere (ubiquity). Capturing the concept of mobility, a user can be contacted anywhere (reachability). A mobile device can provide users? locations (localization). Knowledge of users? precise geographical location allows customized, relevant content to be delivered to them when and where they need it. It can also be used to connect to the Internet (instant connectivity). Ubiquitous interactivity (figure 1) is what makes mobile devices unique. Wireless devices enable users to send, receive, and act on information in real-time, independent of their location. The western mobile and remote workforce is growing, driven by both business necessity and technological innovation. One explanation for increased work mobility is the emergence of service industry as a dominating occupation in the post-industrial society. Service work is often performed, where the customer is, and thus making many services mobile. It is not like manufacturing work; which takes place where the machinery is located. Another factor is the increased cooperation in and between organizations. Some forms of cooperation can take place remotely, but people still need to meet physically. A third important factor for increased mobility is the extensive adoption of mobile technologies. Mobile technologies enable people to be mobile and yet accessible. As people have become accessible independent of place, new ways of working have emerged in many organizations. To describe the mobile worker, new concepts have been coined. Mobile commerce may impact both mobile workers and their enterprises in the following dimensions. Location: The post-industrial workers work at various locations: in their office, at clients? office, at colleagues? office, in the train, hotel rooms, etc. We can thus imagine that during this extensive geographical movement, mobile workers are often away form the â€Å"benevolent dictator†, their desktop computers, which contain most of the information they need and impose rigid constraints on how and where they can be used. With m-commerce the user is put in the centre of information and communication. Information comes to the user instead of the user looking for it. This makes mobile workers able to receive actionable and useful information on demand at the moment of relevance and regardless of their location and extensive movement. Sales reps are examples of workers who are constantly on the road while their effectiveness depends to a large extent on their ability to have immediate access to account information, current prices, order status and market conditions. The importance of immediate access to information by salespeople is well recognized in the personnel selling literature. Salespeople? effectiveness can be enhanced by providing them with market research information and encouraging them to unitize information. With vast amount of relevant information about client’s orders, roduct’s profitability, promotions at their fingertips regardless of their locations, sales reps can adjust their call schedule to adequately target those customers with the highest potential at the right time. Additionally, receiving time-sensitive alerts about customers? latest orders, industry indicators and competitors? actions, may enable sales reps to tailor their sales messages to a specific customer, adapt to opportunities that arise during the sale call and overcome objections. Indeed, many empirical studies find a strong effect of adaptive selling on salesperson performance. Furthermore, M-commerce can enable mobile workers to use more efficiently their dead time. This time generally occurs between tasks and between meetings, in which workers usually have little control over the resources available to them. For instance, pharmaceutical sales reps often visit doctors to provide them with information on what is available as order brochures on products in which the doctor is interested. Frequently the doctor is not available and the representative wants to find a nearby alternative contact. If there is no alternative contact to visit, then the time for waiting for the doctor to become available may turn to be dead time for the sales representative. With m-commerce, the sales reps can turn this dead time into a productive one by performing non-selling tasks such as completing and sending expense reports to their company, preparing invoices or writing and sending thanks letters to customers. These reduce the time that sales reps have to spend in the office to perform routine tasks and thus allow them to spend more time selling. Indeed, McGraw Hill’s study of 239 salespeople across 198 different companies reveals that salespeople spend on the average about 25% of their time waiting for interviews with clients and travelling. Using dead time more efficiently may occur in a variety of locations (i. e. trains, airports, airplanes, hotels rooms, office buildings, etc). Additionally, mobile workers spend considerable portion of their time on the road, Awareness of their geographical position by the network can allow relevant support and alerts be sent to theme. Examples of such alerts are â€Å"there is a traffic jam two kilometers ahead, use the alternative highway†, â€Å"there is a restaurant offering 10% discount in avenue X â€Å", I have a breakdown, in nowhere, send me a tow truck†, †your client X is in the avenue ahead to you †. Interaction: Asynchronous communications enabled by emails has made co-workers interactions with others more flexible. However, asynchronous communication inevitably creates time lag. Until a receiver of an email actually goes to his computer and read the email, the communication does not come into effect in practice. Moreover, email communication requires a computer and software, which are mostly fixed to a certain location such as an office and home. M-commerce may enhance interaction among distributed workers and others by enabling them to have access to corporate resources, send and receive emails regardless of their location. For instance journalists on the move are often faced with situations in which they have to report events on topics on which they are not fully profound with. Also reporting is often conducted away from editorial staff and radio TV / station’s resources. In such a case M-commerce can provide support to journalists by enabling them, irrespective of their locations, to connect to their TV/Radio station’s intranet. The system can then provide them with the list of resources available on the topic they want to cover together with contact details of colleague who have expertise in such topics. The journalists can then either use the available resources to get an understanding of the topic or elect to contact their colleagues for more interaction. Additionally, ubiquitous access to e-mails and corporate data by mobile workers may enable them to make themselves readily available to address customer problems and questions. Reducing the time it takes to deal with a client’s concern or difficulty may have a positive impact on customer orientation, the degree to which the seller is perceived by the buyer to put customer’s need first. Indeed, customer orientation is a key enabler of buyer-seller relationship developments. Operations: we are witnessing the emergence of new forms of organization, in particular virtual Corporations. Virtual corporations could not exist without an effective information exchange and efficient coordination of the members. This applies also to other management initiatives such as project team or task force. But it is sometimes challenging for corporations to ensure fast coordination among co-workers while they are on the move even if they introduced Internet technologies such as email in their work practices. M-commerce can act as the â€Å"glue† among distributed members, by connecting them more tightly regardless of their locations. This may for instance make it possible for marketing managers to use real time data flowing from the field to evaluate the results of promotions and new product introductions more rapidly and communicate their reactions (i. e. promotions) to the field force. Manufacturing may also use real time field information to reduce overproduction and the incidence of stale products. Additionally, Top executives often need information on market and competitors issues before they make big decisions. Real time information flowing from the field would enable executives to make decisions based on accurate information, which may enhance the quality of their decisions. Indeed the best source for top executives with regard to both market and competition watch is the field force. Conclusion Thus we have discussed about M-Commerce and the challenges that they impose on workers while on the move. We have also explored how m-commerce with its unique attributes can provide mobile workers with more freedom and support through minimizing non-productive time, enhancing interaction with other members and improving the quality of decisions. It is worth mentioning that m-commerce may result in some consequences that workers may not welcome. Perhaps the most immediate drawback of extensive use of mobile technologies by workers is the problem of â€Å"interaction overload†. Anytime and anywhere connectivity may becomes everywhere/all-the-time connectivity; which may result in the danger of users becoming â€Å"too connected†. But in the other hand, access to information at the point of relevance may make it possible for mobile worker to work smarter and to minimize their unproductive time, which may enhance their life / work balance. How to cite Impact of M-Commerce in Job Market, Essay examples

Followership Styles free essay sample

Followership Style Followership can be defined as the predilection for execution or commitment in responsibility assigned from the others in order to achieve benefit sharing (Favara, 2009). Kelly (2008) categorizes followership into five groups which is Sheep , Yes-People , Alienated , Pragmatics and Star followers. Sheep and Yes-people are dormant workers in common. Exact order must be assigned directly to these groups. However, the enthusiasm for achievement in yes-people is predominant (Kelly, 2008). These people are willing to support and work for organization but have limited ability to find the solution while sheep requires for both motivation and strictness (Kelly, 2008). Alienated type is the same as star follower in independent personality. Thinking critically and always has enough effort to get things done. Attempting to participate in decision-making with dependable reasons (Thach et al., 2006). The different between these groups are the attitude. Star followers try to drive organization using positive thinking whereas, alienated keep suspecting and going in a negative direction (Kelly, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Followership Styles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To be survived in company, pragmatics think critically and able to follow agreed direction but takes action only on indispensable situation guardedly (Kelly, 2008). Most people prefer to have entire employee as yes-people because this group are devoted, reliable, willing to do all kinds of tasks and also have less eagerness (Kelley, 2008), which is uncomplicated for managing. Some executive blend a group of star followers into an alienated, who give the actual feedback. Anyway, if there’s not enough challenges and recognitions, the boredom will increase in star follower and easily leading to resignation (Kelley, 2008). Although, too many star followers can causes problems in high turnover rate, Kelley (2008) experienced that the company with more employee in this group resulted in better performance.